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(滥用)个体的家庭特征研究
钟琳1,聂晶2
1北京大学心理学系,北京市,100871
2北京大学学生心理健康教育与咨询中心,北京市,100871
摘 要
根据物质依赖(滥用)个体的原生家庭特点和成长于物质依赖(滥用)家庭的个体所表现出的特点这两个方面,对与个体之间存在的交互进行综述。揭示了与个体物质依赖(滥用)行为有明显相关的家庭因素,包括:较差的教养行为、低社会经济地位、不良教育环境、“专制式”的家庭氛围、家庭结构松散缺乏凝聚力、父母存在物质滥用问题等;而成长于物质滥用家庭当中的儿童则会表现为:受到更多虐待、执行功能能力下降、高攻击性、反社会等。在对从上个世纪80年代开始的在物质依赖(滥用)个体的家庭特点上相关研究基础上,进而探讨了物质依赖( 滥用)家庭的代际传承的模型。
关键词:物质依赖 物质滥用 家庭因素
Family characters of individuals who suffered from substance dependence (abuse):A review
Zhong Lin1, Nie Jing2
1 Department of , Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
2 Students’ psycho-education and counseling center of Peking University,
Beijing 100871,China
Abstract
This review explored the relationship between individual’s substance abuse behaviors and one’s family factors. We summarized that those family factors, which are significantly related to individual’s substance dependence (abuse) behaviors, are following: poor parenting styles, low social and economic status, dysal educational environment, authoritarian family atmosphere, family structures that lack of cohesion as well as having parents who suffered from substance abuse. Those children who had been grown up in families that had histories of substance abuse are more likely to be abused, have decreased executive s, high level of aggression and antisocial personality traits. The discovery of this trans-generational pattern has great implications in future clinical practice.
Keyword:substance abuse; drug abuse; addiction; family; parental.
物质滥用包括精神活性物质和非依赖性物质,但通常所称的物质滥用(substance abuse)多指精神活性物质滥用(psychoactive substance abuse),又称药物滥用(drug abuse)、致依赖药物滥用或成瘾物质滥用等等。滥用(abuse)通常又与依赖(dependence)、成瘾(addiction)等概念通用,虽然它们的严格定义是有区别的。自古以来,由阿片、卡罗因等依赖性物质所引发的依赖、滥用和成瘾问题就是引发社会冲突和矛盾的一个极不安定的因素,并受到了政府、社会机构以及大众的普遍关注。与此同时,人们发现,生长在破碎的、过于“控制”或“忽略”等的功能不良家庭和有物质成瘾往往会创造出各种社会问题和心理障碍,在这些社会问题和心理障碍当中,物质依赖和滥用问题可以说是至关重要的一个。对此,国外的许多学者纷纷开展研究,对两者之间存在的关系进行探讨。
(滥用)个体的家庭特征研究
钟琳1,聂晶2
1北京大学心理学系,北京市,100871
2北京大学学生心理健康教育与咨询中心,北京市,100871
摘 要
根据物质依赖(滥用)个体的原生家庭特点和成长于物质依赖(滥用)家庭的个体所表现出的特点这两个方面,对与个体之间存在的交互进行综述。揭示了与个体物质依赖(滥用)行为有明显相关的家庭因素,包括:较差的教养行为、低社会经济地位、不良教育环境、“专制式”的家庭氛围、家庭结构松散缺乏凝聚力、父母存在物质滥用问题等;而成长于物质滥用家庭当中的儿童则会表现为:受到更多虐待、执行功能能力下降、高攻击性、反社会等。在对从上个世纪80年代开始的在物质依赖(滥用)个体的家庭特点上相关研究基础上,进而探讨了物质依赖( 滥用)家庭的代际传承的模型。
关键词:物质依赖 物质滥用 家庭因素
Family characters of individuals who suffered from substance dependence (abuse):A review
Zhong Lin1, Nie Jing2
1 Department of , Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
2 Students’ psycho-education and counseling center of Peking University,
Beijing 100871,China
Abstract
This review explored the relationship between individual’s substance abuse behaviors and one’s family factors. We summarized that those family factors, which are significantly related to individual’s substance dependence (abuse) behaviors, are following: poor parenting styles, low social and economic status, dysal educational environment, authoritarian family atmosphere, family structures that lack of cohesion as well as having parents who suffered from substance abuse. Those children who had been grown up in families that had histories of substance abuse are more likely to be abused, have decreased executive s, high level of aggression and antisocial personality traits. The discovery of this trans-generational pattern has great implications in future clinical practice.
Keyword:substance abuse; drug abuse; addiction; family; parental.
物质滥用包括精神活性物质和非依赖性物质,但通常所称的物质滥用(substance abuse)多指精神活性物质滥用(psychoactive substance abuse),又称药物滥用(drug abuse)、致依赖药物滥用或成瘾物质滥用等等。滥用(abuse)通常又与依赖(dependence)、成瘾(addiction)等概念通用,虽然它们的严格定义是有区别的。自古以来,由阿片、卡罗因等依赖性物质所引发的依赖、滥用和成瘾问题就是引发社会冲突和矛盾的一个极不安定的因素,并受到了政府、社会机构以及大众的普遍关注。与此同时,人们发现,生长在破碎的、过于“控制”或“忽略”等的功能不良家庭和有物质成瘾往往会创造出各种社会问题和心理障碍,在这些社会问题和心理障碍当中,物质依赖和滥用问题可以说是至关重要的一个。对此,国外的许多学者纷纷开展研究,对两者之间存在的关系进行探讨。